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这个村庄被炸弹夷为平地。要怎么翻译呢？有一个英语单词表示“完全摧毁”， 那就是：obliterate. 今天咱们学习这个单词，包括学习它的词源和关联语境的词语。
obliterate
ob·lit·er·ate / əˈblitəreit /
verb
[VN]
[often passive] to remove all signs of sth, either by destroying or covering it completely
毁掉；覆盖；清除:
The building was completely obliterated by the bomb.
炸弹把那座建筑物彻底摧毁了。
The snow had obliterated their footprints.
白雪覆盖了他们的足迹。
Everything that happened that night was obliterated from his memory.
那天夜里发生的一切都从他的记忆中消失了。
• ob·lit·er·ation / əˌblitəˈreiʃn / noun [U]
ob·lit·er·ate
I. \-rə̇t\ adjective
Etymology: Latin obliteratus, oblitteratus, past participle of obliterare, oblitterare to obliterate
1. : blotted out : obliterated
2. : faint, indistinct, obscure — used especially of markings on an insect
II. \-ˌrāt, usu -ād.+V\ verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Latin obliteratus, oblitteratus, past participle of obliterare, oblitterare, probably from ob- to, against, over + litera, littera letter — more at ob-, letter
transitive verb
1. : to remove from significance and bring to nothingness: as
a. : to make undecipherable or imperceptible by obscuring, covering, or wearing or chipping away
< a dimness … envelops consciousness as mist obliterates a crag — Emily Dickinson >
< only copper so worn that even the stamp is obliterated — Amy Lowell >
b. : to remove utterly from recognition, cognizance, consideration, or memory
< a successful love crowned all other successes and obliterated all other failures — J.W.Krutch >
c.
(1) : to remove from existence : make nonexistent : destroy utterly all traces, indications, significance of
< many of our monuments … seem to shout for a friendly zeppelin to obliterate them — W.R.Inge >
(2) : to cause to disappear (as a body part, scar, or the lumen of a duct) : remove
< possible to obliterate the gall bladder by electrosurgical methods >
2. : to withdraw utterly from attention and make as inconspicuous as if nonexistent
< those hero-worshipers who obliterate themselves — Robert Lynd >
3. : cancel
intransitive verb
: to become obliterated
Synonyms: see erase
obliterate 搭配和用法
verb
• ADVERB completely, entirely, totally The sect was totally ~d by the state. | almost, virtually
Obliterate is used with these nouns as the object: sun, trace
关联的语境，相关词语，请参考下面的回帖。
【注意，翻译是机器翻译，仅供参考。学员们请自行仔细核对每一个翻译】。
其实学习单词最关键的是，放在哪些语境下，以及和哪些词语密切关联，才是我们要学习的重点。
词源学
obliterate (v.)
"blot out, cause to disappear, remove all traces of, wipe out," c. 1600, from Latin obliteratus, past participle of obliterare "cause to disappear, blot out (a writing), erase, efface," figuratively "cause to be forgotten, blot out a remembrance," from ob "against" (see ob-) + littera (also litera) "letter, script" (see letter (n.)). The verb was abstracted from the phrase literas scribere "write across letters, strike out letters." Related: Obliterated; obliterating.
Related entries & more
obliteration (n.)
"act of obliterating or effacing, a blotting out or wearing out, fact of being obliterated, extinction," 1650s, from Late Latin obliterationem (nominative obliteratio), noun of action from past-participle stem of obliterare "cause to disappear, blot out (a writing)," figuratively "cause to be forgotten, blot out a remembrance" (see obliterate).
oblivion (n.)
late 14c., oblivioun, "state or fact of forgetting, forgetfulness, loss of memory," from Old French oblivion (13c.) and directly from Latin oblivionem (nominative oblivio) "forgetfulness; a being forgotten," from oblivisci (past participle oblitus) "forget," which is of uncertain origin.
Perhaps originally "even out, smooth over, efface," from ob "over" (see ob-) + root of lēvis "smooth," but de Vaan and others find that "a semantic shift from 'to be smooth' to 'to forget' is not very convincing." However no better explanation has emerged. Latin lēvis also meant "rubbed smooth, ground down," from PIE *lehiu-, from root *(s)lei- "slime, slimy, sticky" (see slime (n.)); for sense evolution, compare obliterate.
Meaning "state or condition of being forgotten or lost to memory" is from early 15c. In English history, the Acts of Oblivion use the word in the sense of "intentional overlooking" (1610s), especially of political offenses. Related: Obliviously; obliviousness.
Oblivion is the state into which a thing passes when it is thoroughly and finally forgotten. ... Forgetfulness is a quality of a person: as a man remarkable for his forgetfulness. ... Obliviousness stands for a sort of negative act, a complete failure to remember: as a person's obliviousness of the proprieties of an occasion. [Century Dictionary]
wipeout (n.)
also wipe-out, 1962, American English, surfer slang, from wipe (v.) + out. Sense of "destruction, defeat, a killing" is recorded from 1968. Verbal phrase wipe out "destroy, obliterate" is from 1610s.
blot (v.)
early 15c., "to make blots (with ink), disfigure with blots," also figurative; mid-15c. "to blot out, obliterate" (words), from blot (n.). Related: Blotted; blotting.
更多关联的语境，相关词语，请参考下面的回帖。
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发表于 2023-1-25 10:28:45
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