汉语说秋季易“上火”，表现皮肤干燥，甚至长疖子，所以要“降火”，英语怎么说？

Europe

在中医概念中的“上火”和“降火”，在英语中没有完全对应的词汇，因为这是中医特有的文化和健康理论。英语中通常通过描述具体的症状或采用更通俗的方式来表达类似的概念。以下是一些可能的表达方式：

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“上火” (Heatiness / Excess Heat)

• Direct Translation:
  
  • "Excess heat in the body"
    （这是一种直译，适合在解释中医理论时使用。）
    
• Symptom-Based Expressions:
  
  • "Experiencing symptoms of internal heat"
    （描述上火引起的不适，适用于更正式的场合。）
  • "Feeling overheated inside"
    （口语中更常用的说法。）
  • "Having heat-related issues"
    （模糊但能传递类似的概念。）
    
• Examples of Symptoms:
  
  • "Dry mouth and throat"
  • "Sore throat"
  • "Acne or skin breakouts"
  • "Constipation or mouth ulcers"
    （用具体症状来解释“上火”，更能让英语母语者理解。）
    

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“降火” (Cooling Down / Clearing Heat)

• Direct Translation:
  
  • "Clearing heat from the body"
    （中医语境下的表达，可以用在解释降火的食疗或方法时。）
    
• Symptom-Based Expressions:
  
  • "Relieving heat-related symptoms"
    （缓解上火症状，正式表达。）
  • "Cooling the body down"
    （更通俗的说法，适合日常对话。）
  • "Reducing internal heat"
    （较贴近“降火”的意思，适合解释时使用。）
    
• Dietary/Remedial Context:
  
  • "Drinking herbal tea to cool down"
  • "Eating cooling foods to relieve heat symptoms"
  • "Using natural remedies to balance the body's heat"
    

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结合示例句：

• 上火：
  
  • "I've been feeling overheated lately—my throat is dry, and I keep getting pimples. Could it be due to excess heat in my body?"
    （最近感觉有点“上火”——嗓子干，还长痘痘，可能是体内有热气？）
    
• 降火：
  
  • "I drank some chrysanthemum tea to cool down and relieve the heat symptoms."
    （我喝了菊花茶来“降火”，缓解热气带来的症状。）
    

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虽然中医的“上火”和“降火”概念无法直接翻译成英语，但通过症状和方法的描述，大致可以传达相同的意思。如果是面向不了解中医的人群，建议用简单的症状和解决办法解释即可。

对于英语母语者来说，“上火”引起的症状（如皮肤干燥、长疖子、喉咙痛等）并不会被归结为一种统一的概念（像中医中的“上火”）。相反，他们更倾向于根据具体的症状，用简单、直接的描述来表达自己的不适感。以下是一些常见的自然表达方式：

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1. 皮肤干燥 (Dry Skin):

• "My skin feels so dry lately."
• "I've been dealing with dry and flaky skin these days."
• "The dry weather is making my skin really dehydrated."
  

原因的可能补充：

• "It's probably because of the weather."
• "I think it's because I've been dehydrated."
• "The heating in my house is drying out my skin."
  

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2. 长疖子 (Boils / Skin Breakouts):

• "I've got a painful boil on my skin."
• "I keep getting these breakouts lately—it might be from stress or my diet."
• "This bump is so sore; it might be an infection."
  

如果要解释原因：

• "It might be due to a lack of rest or poor diet."
• "I think my skin is reacting to something, maybe too much greasy food."
  

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3. 嗓子干痛 (Dry or Sore Throat):

• "My throat feels so dry and scratchy."
• "I think I'm coming down with a sore throat."
• "I feel like my throat is parched—I probably need to drink more water."
  

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4. 上火的综合症状 (General Combination of Symptoms):如果有多个症状并且感觉类似“上火”的状态，可以这样描述：

• "I feel like my body's out of balance—dry skin, breakouts, and a sore throat all at once."
• "Lately, I've been feeling off—my throat is dry, my skin is acting up, and I feel a bit overheated."
• "My body feels out of sync; I probably need to take better care of myself."
  

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总结表达方式的自然性：

• 英语母语者更倾向于描述具体症状，而不是把这些症状归纳为一个理论或术语。
• 他们可能会提到引起症状的原因，比如weather changes (天气变化)、dehydration (脱水)、stress (压力) 或 poor diet (饮食不佳)，这些通常被认为是问题的来源。
• 如果需要一个类似“上火”的综合描述，最接近的表达是 "My body feels out of balance" 或 "I think my body's overheated"，但这种说法并不常用，通常需要补充更多症状描述来让人理解。
  

通过清晰描述症状以及可能的原因，既能准确传递意思，又符合英语母语者的表达习惯。