法律术语“诽谤”libel和slander

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libel
libel  / ˈlaibl / noun [U, C]
   the act of printing a statement about sb that is not true and that gives people a bad opinion of them
   (文字)诽谤,中伤:
   He sued the newspaper for libel.
   他控告那家报社犯有诽谤罪。
   a libel action (= a case in a court of law)
   诽谤诉讼
a libel action / case / trial ( = a court case against someone for libel )
  诽谤诉讼案
restrictions on press freedom, such as libel laws
  对新闻自由的限制，如诽谤法
verb(-ll- (NAmE -l-)
   [VN]  to publish a written statement about sb that is not true
   发表诽谤性的文字:
   He claimed he had been libelled in an article the magazine had published.
   他声称他遭到了那家杂志发表的一篇文章的诽谤。
To libel someone指在书报、杂志以及网络等平台发表损害某人名誉的不实文字和信息，即“诽谤”，名词形式也是libel，如：a libel action against the paper（对该报提出的诽谤诉讼）。英文中表达类似意思的词还有defame，slander等，这两个词均指“诋毁、诽谤”，这里就不局限于文字形式了，也可能是口头上的诽谤，slander多用于口语，如，you ought to kick back at such malicious slander.


同义词： libel [noun] 1 = defamation, aspersion, calumny, denigration, smear
[verb] 2 = defame, blacken, malign, revile, slur, smear, vilify

slander
slan·der  / ˈslɑːndə(r); NAmE ˈslæn- / noun [C, U]
   a false spoken statement intended to damage the good opinion people have of sb; the legal offence of making this kind of statement
   口头诽谤；口头诽谤罪:
   a vicious slander on the company's good name
   对那家公司良好声誉的恶意诽谤
   He's suing them for slander.
   他控告他们口头诽谤。
• slan·der·ous  / -dərəs / adj.:
   a slanderous remark
   诽谤性话语 verb [VN]
   to make a false spoken statement about sb that is intended to damage the good opinion that people have of them
   口头诽谤；诋譭；中伤:
   He angrily accused the investigators of slandering both him and his family.
   他气愤地指责调查者诋譭他和他的家人。