英语词汇词源 英语纠错：英语单词fight和conflict没有渊源关系 | fight（战斗）和fee（费用）两个词有共同的词源

Word

看到网上课程，有英语老师说，英语单词fight和conflict意思接近，而且词语来源有渊源关系，说：conflict里面的“flict”读起来，就像是“fight”， 意思也很接近。其实这个老师，是自己的猜想，不能这样解释的，他的这个说法是不准确的。
这里桐木舟给出的结论是：
fight和conflict没有词语的渊源关系。
但是fight和fee反而有相同的词源。
而conflict，和profligate（挥霍）有相同的词源，而和另外两个词inflict（使吃苦头），afflict（折磨）有密切的词源关系，都有“让别人吃苦”的意思。

请看下面的资料：
The syllable "flict" in the word "conflict" doesn't have a standalone meaning. Instead, it is part of the whole word "conflict," which means a serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one. The word "conflict" originates from the Latin word "conflictus," which means "a striking together" or "to contend." In this context, "flict" doesn't have an independent meaning, but it contributes to the meaning of the word when combined with the prefix "con-," which means "with" or "together." Together, "conflict" conveys the idea of two or more parties coming into opposition or contention with one another.

The syllable "flict" in the word "conflict" shares a similarity with "fight" in the sense that both words are associated with battles, opposition, or contention. However, it's essential to note that "flict" doesn't have the exact same meaning as "fight."

"Fight" typically refers to a physical or verbal struggle or confrontation between individuals or groups. It emphasizes the action of engaging in combat or conflict.

On the other hand, "flict" is part of the word "conflict," which refers more broadly to a situation where interests, ideas, or actions of different parties are at odds. While "conflict" can involve fights, it encompasses a wider range of disagreements or clashes, including disputes, arguments, or confrontations that may not necessarily involve direct physical combat.

So, while there's a conceptual overlap, "flict" doesn't equate to "fight" in meaning, but rather it forms part of the broader term "conflict" used to describe various forms of disagreements or opposition.

The Latin word "conflictus" is derived from the verb "confligere," which is a compound of "con-" (together) and "fligere" (to strike or dash). "Confligere" means "to strike together" or "to clash." Over time, "conflictus" came to be used in Latin to refer to a collision, battle, or struggle, both in the physical sense and, more broadly, to describe any form of conflict or clash between opposing forces or ideas.

The term "conflictus" is the root of the English word "conflict," which retains its meaning of a struggle or opposition between parties or ideas. The word "conflict" has been used in this sense in English for centuries, reflecting its Latin origins.

The word "fight" has Middle English origins and evolved from the Old English word "feohtan." It shares a common Germanic root with other Germanic languages, such as Old High German "fechten" and Old Norse "feykja." These words all mean "to fight" or "to combat."

The Old English "feohtan" was used to describe physical combat or warfare, as well as broader senses of struggle, conflict, or contest. Over time, "feohtan" transitioned into "fight" in Middle English and retained its meaning related to physical combat while also being used more broadly to describe any kind of struggle, confrontation, or battle, including metaphorical and non-physical conflicts.

The word "fight" has continued to be used in this manner in modern English and can describe various forms of opposition or conflict, not limited to physical combat.

再看看词典说的：
fight
I. \ˈfīt, usu -īd.+V\ verb
(fought \ˈfȯt, usu -ȯd.+V\ ; or dialect fit \ˈfit, usu -id.+V\ ; or fout \ˈfō]t, ˈfau̇], usu ]d.+V\ ; fought or dialect fit or fought·en \ˈfȯtən\ ; or fout ; fighting ; fights)
Etymology: Middle English fighten, from Old English feohtan; akin to Old Frisian fiuchta to fight, Old Saxon & Old High German fehtan to fight, Latin pectere to comb — more at fee

其实，“fight”（战斗）和“fee”（费用）这两个词有共同的语言根源。这两个词最终源自相同的印欧语根词。

• “fight” 来自古英语词“feohtan”，与古高地德语词“fehtan”有关，它们都意味着“战斗”或“作战”。这些词都有一个共同的日耳曼语起源。
• “fee” 来自古英语词“feoh”，意思是“牛”或“财产”，曾用作支付方式，通常以家畜的形式。随着时间的推移，“fee”演变成指各种形式的费用，与财产和财物的概念有关。 “fee” 也有其源于日耳曼语的语言。
  

尽管它们在现代的含义完全不同，但“fight” 和 “fee” 由于共同的古印欧语根而有某种语言联系。

con·flict
I. \ˈkänˌflikt\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English, from Latin conflictus act of striking together, from conflictus, past participle of confligere to strike together, fight, from com- + fligere to strike — more at profligate

更多解释conflict
The word "conflict" comes from the Latin word "conflictus," which is the past participle of the verb "confligere." "Confligere" is a combination of "con-" (together) and "fligere" (to strike or hit). Therefore, the Latin origin of "conflict" suggests a sense of things coming together in a striking or clashing manner, which aligns with the concept of a conflict as a clash or struggle between opposing forces or ideas.
The Latin root "fligere" or "flictus" does not directly give rise to many common English words, but it has influenced the development of some words. For example, the word "afflict" comes from the Latin "affligere," which means "to strike down" or "to distress." "Inflict" is another related term that comes from "infligere," meaning "to strike" or "to impose." These words all reflect the idea of causing harm or distress through some form of impact or force, which is in line with the root's meaning. While there are not many words directly derived from "fligere," its influence can be seen in various terms related to the idea of striking, causing harm, or distressing.
The word "profligate" does indeed have Latin origins that are related to the idea of striking or destroying. The etymology of "profligate" comes from the Latin word "profligare," which means "to strike down," "destroy," or "ruin." This word is formed from "pro-" (forward, down) and "-fligare," which is derived from the Latin word "fligere" meaning "to strike."

Word

fight（战斗）和fee（费用）尽管现代英语里，意义大相径庭，但是这两个词有共同的语言根源。这两个词最终源自相同的印欧语根词。fight来自古英语词“feohtan”，与古高地德语词“fehtan”有关，它们都意味着“战斗”。fee 来自古英语词“feoh”，意思是“牛”或“财产”，曾用作支付方式，通常以家畜的形式。随着时间的推移，“fee”演变成指各种形式的费用，与财产和财物的概念有关。 “fee” 也有其源于日耳曼语的语言。

尽管它们在现代的含义完全不同，但“fight” 和 “fee” 由于共同的古印欧语根而有某种语言联系。

Word

conflict（冲突），和profligate（挥霍）有相同的词源fligare/fligere，这个词根意思是“strike”，和另外两个词inflict（使吃苦头），afflict（折磨）有密切的词源关系，都有“让别人吃苦”的意思。

所以，可以一起记住这四个单词：conflict, profligate, inflict, afflict.
注意："profligate"是形容词，比如，profligate spending.
"afflict"常用被动：The population is afflicted with the disease.
"inflict"带宾语再加on/upon：They inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team.